UIA-霍普杯2024 国际大学生建筑设计竞赛获奖名单

Spatial Restructuring:  Reestablishing Urban Density

中国城市发展已进入全面城市更新的重要时期，城市建设已由大规模增量建设转为存量提质改造和增量结构调整并重。政府的这个判断，明确了大拆大建的城市发展阶段的结束，也是及时的纠偏。

China's urban development has entered an important period of comprehensive urban renewal, and urban construction has shifted from large-scale incremental construction to equal emphasis on improvement of existing buildings and structural adjustment of the newly built ones. This decision of the government clearly indicates the end of the urban development stage of large-scale demolition and construction, and is also a timely correction. 

过去三十年中国城市的发展模式是典型欧美城市郊区扩张模式，这种粗糙模式一方面蕴含未来可能爆发的严重社会问题，另一方面，对中国各地经历数千年积淀形成的固有优秀传统城市肌理、密度与文化造成毁灭性破坏。所以，必须让各地城市认识到：城市与乡镇更新不是各地城市与乡镇因为建设土地受限不得不采取的发展策略，而是重建中国自我城市文化、推动真正的城市文化复兴的一条必须走的路径。这个认识的前提是对中国城市文化濒临崩溃的危机感。

The development model of Chinese cities in the past thirty years is a typical suburban expansion model in Europe and America. On one hand, this rough model contains serious social problems that may erupt in the future, and on the other hand, it causes destructive damage to traditional urban texture, density, and culture accumulated over thousands of years in various parts of China. Therefore, it is necessary to make the decision-makers in cities across the country realize that urban and rural renewal is not a development strategy that cities and towns have to adopt due to limited lands for construction, but a necessary path to rebuild China's own urban culture and promote true urban cultural revival. The premise of this understanding is a sense of crisis towards the collapse of Chinese urban culture. 

但是，简单的保留原状几乎是不可能的。无论从更新的成本考虑，还是从保护城市的肌理、密度考虑，例如开发强度是否能够突破，能够突破到什么程度？在城市与乡镇资金负担严重的情况下，如何平衡保护与发展的冲突？如果城乡肌理保护是不可以突破的底线，如何解决历史老城区与乡镇街道细密，地块细碎导致的建设不方便？老城区与老乡镇建筑密度高，也因此形成特有氛围与人气，如何解决原有城市规划规范、建筑规范、消防规范与这种状况的冲突？如何界定什么需要保护？城乡更新的保护范围从文化记忆和生活形态保护的角度出发一定会突破以往历史建筑的保护范围，这个范围具体如何界定？更新就意味着建设，为了平衡资金就往往意味着加大强度的建设，这种建设是要套保护性法规还是新建筑法规？高密度街区如何实现生态街区建设？如果说城市人气和服务业需要足够的密度，高密度街区在有大量居住功能的情况下如何做到最大程度的开放？这些是建筑更新设计在一开始就必须考虑的基本问题。

However, it is almost impossible to simply preserve the original state, whether considering the cost of updating or the protection of texture and density of the city. For example, is it possible to make a breakthrough in development intensity and to what extent? How to balance the conflict between protection and development in the context of severe financial burden on cities and towns? If the protection of urban and rural texture is an unbreakable bottom line, how can we solve the inconvenience of construction caused by the dense and fragmented plots/streets in historical urban areas and towns? The high density of buildings in historical urban areas and towns has formed a unique atmosphere and popularity. How to solve the conflict between the existing standards on urban planning, building & fire safety and this situation? How to define what needs protection? From the perspective of protecting cultural memory and lifestyle, the protection scope of urban and rural renewal will definitely break through the protection scope of historical buildings. How to define this scope specifically? Updating means construction, and in order to balance funds, it often means increasing the intensity of construction. Should this construction comply with regulations for historical buildings or for new buildings? How to achieve ecological block construction in high-density neighborhoods? If urban popularity and service industry require sufficient density, how can high-density neighborhoods achieve maximum openness with a large number of residential functions? These are the basic issues that architectural renewal design must consider from the beginning.  

如果城市更新的底线要求，坚持 “留改拆” 并举、以保留利用提升为主，鼓励小规模、渐进式有机更新和微改造，注重生态修复，防止大拆大建。那么，下一步中国城乡规划建设全面转向以城乡更新为主，意味着现有设计院的短期、快速、大团队、统一规划、一次性设计、过度商业化、套路化的工作模式全面失效。

If the bottom line requirement for urban renewal is to adhere to the principle of "retaining, renovating, and demolishing," with a focus on preservation, reuse and improvement, encouraging small-scale and gradual organic renewal and micro renovation, paying attention to ecological restoration, and preventing large-scale demolition and construction, then, the next step in China's urban and rural planning and construction would be a total shift, a shift towards urban and rural renewal, which means that the existing design institutes' work models (short-term design, rapid project, large team, unified planning, one-time design, excessive commercialization and routine) will become completely ineffective. 

建筑师需要重新设想一种混合了城市规划与建筑设计双重标准和深度的设计方式。在自己所在城市高密度老城区选择一个500米见方的区块，以城市路网肌理、密度原则上不可改动为前提，与居民充分沟通，慎重考虑“留、改、拆”的对象，按照5千人的居住密度重构一个居住和服务业混合的开放街区和生态街区。并在设计一开始就同时思考什么是合适的实施策略和建造方式。

Architects need to reimagine a design approach that combines the dual standards and depth of urban planning and architectural design. Choose a 500X500m block in a high-density old urban area in your city, and try to redesign it based on the premise that the texture and density of the urban road network cannot be changed. Communicate fully with local residents, carefully consider what shall be "retained, renovated, or demolished," and try to reconstruct an open, eco-friendly block that combines residential functions and service industries for a given population of 5,000 people. At the beginning of your design, consider what shall be appropriate implementation strategies and ways of construction. 

这应该是一种仍然保有城市记忆的状态。

It should be a state where urban memories are still preserved. 

题目解析由2024 UIA-霍普杯国际大学建筑设计竞赛评委会主席、2012年普利兹克建筑奖得主、中国美术学院建筑艺术学院院长王澍王澍提供

一等奖1组

获奖证书+奖金10万元人民币（含税）；

二等奖3组

获奖证书+奖金各3万元人民币（含税）；

三等奖8组

获奖证书+奖金各1万元人民币（含税）；

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1st Prize (1 team) :

Certificate and 100,000 RMB (before tax);

2nd Prize (3 teams) :

Certificate and 30,000 RMB (before tax);

3rd Prize (8 teams) :

Certificate and 10,000 RMB (before tax);

Honorable Mentions (several teams): Certificate;

Advisors of prize-winning projects will also be awarded with certificates.